Ideally, the mixture of petrol vapour and air is ignited with a spark at a predetermined position of the piston in the cylinder. Petrol containing a high proportion of straight chain alkanes tends to ignite in the cylinder of the car engine as the piston increases the pressure and before the cylinder reaches the optimum position. However, if this mixture is used as petrol, it does serious damage to a cars engine. Naphtha is the feedstock and the main products are ethene and propene, used to make polymers. The steam crackers alone occupy 64 000 m 2, which is about the size of 13 football fields. The whole site is the largest continuous chemical site in the world. These are treated in several ways including cracking, isomerisation and reforming. The most valuable fractions for the chemical industry, and for producing petrol, are liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), naphtha, kerosine and gas oil. Most of these are straight chain, saturated hydrocarbons which, except for burning, have relatively little direct use in the chemical industry or as fuel for cars. There is however, a problem if the plant is run at sub-atmospheric pressure, there may be a leak that allows air to enter into the gases and form an explosive mixture. The interface also provides access to the full text of articles via author index or subject index, or by a search form on article elements such as author names, words from title, subject, words from the full text and publication year.Ĭlick an hypertext link at the top to call the corresponding access page.Īll the contents of except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online FAPESP - CAPES - CNPq - BIREME - FapUNIFESP Avenida Onze de Junho, 269 - Vila Clementino 04041-050 So Paulo SP - Brasil Phone: Fax:. SciELO site is an integral part of the FAPESPBIREMECNPq Project and it is an application of the methodology being developed by the project, particularly the Internet Interface module.
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